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Artemis I, the first test flight
for the Space

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Launch System megarocket
and the Orion spacecraft.

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On board is Commander
Moonikin Campos, a mannequin

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wearing a next generation spacesuit
called the Orion Crew Survival System.

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Moonikin Campos, is outfitted with sensors
that will provide data

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to help protect astronauts
on future Artemis missions.

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But why is this mannequin called
Moonikin Campos?

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The mannequin is named
after Mexican-American electrical engineer

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Arturo Campos, a key player in the Apollo
13 astronauts’

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safe return to Earth.

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It was April 13th, 1970,

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when Campos got a phone call
in the middle of the night.

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Okay, Houston, we’ve had a problem here.

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It was night.

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We got a phone call, or dad
got a phone call.

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We heard our parents talking,
so we went downstairs.

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And we asked our mom what was happening.

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And she said that NASA called

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and they were having
problems with the spacecraft.

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That's the day that

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my dad saved the astronauts.

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When Campos arrived at the Space Center
in Houston, he learned that an oxygen tank

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in the Apollo 13 service
module had ruptured.

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The service module's normal
supply of electricity, light and water

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had been lost, leaving astronauts
Jim Lovell, Jack Swigert and Fred Haise

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stuck in a damaged spacecraft
about 200,000 miles away from Earth.

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The main challenge was to find a way
to divert enough power

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from the lunar module to the command
and service module's equipment system

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so that the astronauts
could safely return to Earth.

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Fortunately,
Campos had already written this procedure

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since he dreamed about it a year earlier.

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Campos, born in Laredo, Texas, in 1943,

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showed an early interest in tinkering.

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He was a mechanic by nature. 
Yeah.

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He worked on automobiles.

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His father taught at

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at the college auto mechanics.

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And so he learned mechanicking
from his father.

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He received

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a grant to go

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to the University of Texas in Austin.

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Eventually Campos
graduated from the University of Texas

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in electrical engineering and began
working for NASA in the early 1960s,

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becoming one of the people in charge

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of the electrical systems
in the Apollo program.

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When the problem surfaced during
the Apollo 13 mission, Campos immediately

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began reconstructing his plan to provide
sufficient power to the command module.

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He came up with the solution
to give the batteries

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enough power
to get those astronauts back here.

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And so they

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they used it
and thank God it got them back home.

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Campos
and other members of the Apollo 13 mission

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received
the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1970.

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This means a whole lot.

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The president of the

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United States signed it.

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Not a lot of civilians got it.

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And my dad did.

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And we couldn't be any prouder of dad.

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We could not be any prouder of my father.

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Campos passed away in 2001 at age 66,

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and his name has left
an everlasting mark at NASA.

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Very proud of my dad.

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Absolutely.